B-18. Where ‘ERP’ is and where it is going?

Publication date: May 2018
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 129, Issue 5
Author(s): Hirooki Yabe
Sutton (1965) classified Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) into exogenous and endogenous components. Exogenous ERPs would reflect automatic processing and endogenous ones would reflect controlled processing (Picton and Hillyard, 1988). Only mismatch negativity (MMN), an automatic but endogenous ERP found by Näätänen et al. (1978), does not match this classification. MMN is automatically elicited by occasional deviation in a sequence of homogenous sounds. MMN is considered to be generated by the comparison process between deviated sound and neural trace of preceding sounds encoded in sensory memory. Plenty of studies have given evidence for "memory trace theory". MMN provides a promising tool for clinical populations, because MMN elicitation does not require any tasks and MMN to duration deviation (i.e., duration-MMN) is exceptionally sensitive to clinical populations such as schizophrenia. Michie et al. (2000) reported that only duration-MMN was reliably reduced in patients with schizophrenia. Todd et al. (2007) also reported that a definite reduction in early schizophrenia was evident in duration-MMN but not frequency deviants. Impairment of MMN is one of the most robust findings in schizophrenia. MMN to duration is a candidate of the trait marker. Importantly, MNN reduction predict conversion to psychosis among the subjects clinically at risk-mental state (ARMS).



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