Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ Obstructiv

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ Obstructive sleep apnea ]

[PDF] Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Prognosis after Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema: The OSA-CARE study

CHG Uchôa, RP Pedrosa, S Javaheri, GR Geovanini… - Chest, 2017

Background Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) is a life-threatening condition.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may be a modifiable risk factor for ACPE recurrence. This
study was designed to evaluate the impact of OSA on the incidence of cardiovascular events

Can Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with CPAP Still Improve Kidney Outcomes?

SB Ahmed - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care …, 2017

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been highlighted as both a potential risk factor for and
consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).(1) The chronic hypoxia hypothesis by Fine
et al.(2) proposed that kidney disease is driven by an unrelenting cycle of hypoxia, renal

The facial morphology in Down syndrome: A 3D comparison of patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea

YSN Jayaratne, I Elsharkawi, EA Macklin, L Voelz… - American Journal of Medical …, 2017

Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs at a high prevalence in patients with Down
syndrome (DS). A polysomnogram, which is often cumbersome and challenging, remains
the gold standard method of diagnosing OSA. OSA in patients with DS is often attributed to

Saving Lives or Saving Dollars: The Trump Administration Rescinds Plans to Require Sleep Apnea Testing in Commercial Transportation Operators

SF Quan, LK Barger, MD Weaver, CA Czeisler - Southwest Journal of Pulmonary and …, 2017

... Note: Open Access Journal. DOI: http://ift.tt/2wjPsnN Keywords: Obstructive
Sleep Apnea; Screening Methods; Transportation Version: Final published version Full metadata
record. ... en. dc.subject, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, en. dc.subject, Screening Methods, en ...

Polysomnographic determinants of requirement for advanced positive pressure therapeutic options for obstructive sleep apnea

A Gupta, G Shukla - Sleep and Breathing, 2017

Background A small percentage of adult patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
has been recognized to be extraordinarily difficult to treat with conventional continuous or Bi-
level positive airway pressure (together referred to as PAP) therapy. Aim and objectives The

[HTML] Identifying Psychiatric Comorbidities for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Biomedical Literature and Electronic Health Record

JM Haddad, ES Chen - AMIA Summits on Translational Science Proceedings, 2017

Abstract Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common diseases among
Americans, affecting between 5 and 20% of the population. While there is existing evidence
of numerous comorbid conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure, the

Association of STOP-Bang Questionnaire as a Screening Tool for Sleep Apnea and Postoperative Complications: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-analysis of …

M Nagappa, J Patra, J Wong, Y Subramani, M Singh… - Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2017

BACKGROUND: The risk of postoperative complications
increases with undiagnosed obstructive sleep apn.

Depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep quality rather than apnea-hypopnea index or hypoxia during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea

SH Lee, YJ Lee, S Kim, JW Choi, DU Jeong - Sleep and Breathing, 2017

Purpose We examined factors, including the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), that
were associated with depressive symptoms and excessive daytime sleepiness in OSA
patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data of 1203 subjects (861 men, mean age

Re: Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Nocturnal Urine Production in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

AJ Wein - The Journal of Urology, 2017

There is a definite relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and nocturia. However, few
related studies have evaluated the impact of CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)
treatment on nocturnal urine production. The mechanism of action is hypothesized to be

Serum sCD163 as a biomarker of adipose tissue inflammation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients: limits and perspectives

D Monneret, JP Bastard - European Respiratory Journal, 2017

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ ωτα ]

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ ωτα ]

[PDF] Viscous forces and bulk viscoelasticity near jamming

K Baumgarten, BP Tighe - arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.05241, 2017

Page 1. Viscous forces and bulk viscoelasticity near jamming Karsten Baumgarten1 and
Brian P. Tighe1 1Delft University of Technology, Process & Energy Laboratory,
Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands (Dated: August 18, 2017) ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ Laryngomal

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ Laryngomalacia ]

Heredity of supraglottic exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction

ES Walsted, J Hvedstrup, H Eiberg, V Backer - European Respiratory Journal, 2017

[HTML] Therapeutic flexible airway endoscopy of small children in a tertiary referral center—11 years' experience

WJ Soong, PC Tsao, YS Lee, CF Yang - PLOS ONE, 2017

... Laser supraglottoplasty for severe laryngomalacia [14] was the leading procedure, which was
performed in DTFE confirmed severe laryngomalacia children. The laser fiber passed through
the IC of FE. The mean procedural time was 22.7 ± 9.3 minutes. ...

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ Undersea

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ Undersea "Hyperbaric Medicine" ]

[HTML] HIF1α regulates glioma chemosensitivity through the transformation between differentiation and dedifferentiation in various oxygen levels

P Wang, W Wan, S Xiong, J Wang, D Zou, C Lan, S Yu… - Scientific Reports, 2017

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Scholar : Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή - [ Cricotrach

Ειδοποίηση Μελετητή:[ Cricotracheal resection ]

[HTML] Tracheal resections and anastomosis for benign tracheal stricture. A seven-year experience in a single tertiary institute

A Mostafa, NA Elfattah - Journal of the Egyptian Society of Cardio-Thoracic …, 2017

... Tracheal resections and anastomosis for benign tracheal stricture. A seven-year experience
in a single tertiary institute. ... Twenty-five patients (41.67%) had cricotracheal resection (CTR)
for subglottic stenosis. Patients were followed up for 6 months. ...

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Dermoscopic Features of Subungual Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Study of 44 Cases

Background: Subungual squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC) is the most frequent tumor of the nail apparatus. Its diagnosis is often missed or delayed because the clinical presentation is atypical and can mimic other conditions. Accurate diagnosis can only be made by performing an appropriate surgical biopsy, but biopsy is painful and often leaves definitive dystrophic scars. The use of dermoscopy, a noninvasive technique, has been described to be useful for the preoperative evaluation of nail diseases. Objectives: To define the different clinical and dermoscopic presentations of SSCC and to compare them with onychomatricoma-associated clinical and dermoscopic features published in our previous study. Methods: A retrospective review of 44 cases of SSCC seen in our institution over an 8-year period. Six observers scored 19 clinical criteria and 14 dermoscopic criteria as present or absent. Then, we compared those data to a previously published study about the preoperative diagnosis of onychomatricoma. Results: Only 1 dermoscopic criterion was significantly associated with SSCC compared to onychomatricoma: localized hyperkeratosis (odds ratio, OR = 6.25, p = 0.012, 95% confidence interval CI = 1.50-26.01). In contrast, parallel edges (OR = 0.03, p p = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.09-0.63) can statistically significantly be considered as in favor of onychomatricoma. By contrast, we believe that the presence of unparalleled lateral edges of the nail lesion or of fuzzy edges are more in favor of SSCC. Conclusions: Dermoscopy of the nail plate and of the nail free edge in SSCC provides useful information in order to better select cases to be submitted to biopsy.
Dermatology

http://ift.tt/2g1OVjw

Comparison between absorption and biological activity on the efficiency of the biotrickling filtration of gaseous streams containing ammonia

Abstract

Polluted air streams can be purified using biological treatments such as biotrickling filtration, which is one of the most widely accepted techniques successfully tuned to treat a wide variety of exhausted gaseous streams coming from a series of industrial sectors such as food processing, flavor manufacturers, rendering, and composting. Since the degradation of a pollutant occurs at standard pressure and temperature, biotrickling filtration, whether compared with other more energy-demanding chemical-physical processes of abatement (such as scrubbing, catalytic oxidation, regenerative adsorption, incineration, advanced oxidation processes, etc.), represents a very high energy-efficient technology. Moreover, as an additional advantage, biodegradation offers the possibility of a complete mineralization of the polluting agents. In this work, biotrickling filtration has been considered in order to explore its efficiency with respect to the abatement of ammonia (which is a highly water-soluble compound). Moreover, a complete mathematical model has been developed in order to describe the dynamics of both absorption and biological activities which are the two dominant phenomena occurring into these systems. The results obtained in this work have shown that the absorption phenomenon is very important in order to define the global removal efficiency of ammonia from the gaseous stream (particularly, 44% of the ammonia is abated by water absorption). Moreover, it has been demonstrated (through the comparison between experimental results and theoretical simulations) that the action of bacteria, which enhance the rate of ammonia transfer to the liquid phase, can be modeled through a simple Michaelis-Menten relationship.

http://ift.tt/2wjXJrx

A model of natural degradation of 17-α-ethinylestradiol in surface water and identification of degradation products by GC-MS

Abstract

Over the past decade, the environment has been polluted by a wide spectrum of exogenous chemicals and environmental analysis has become one of the most progressive parts of analytical research. The aim of this work was to determine the kinetics of natural degradation, and to identify the degradation products of the massively used estrogenic drug, 17-α-ethinylestradiol. The photodegradation, oxidation and thermostability conditions were selected according to ICH requirements for pharmaceutical stability testing. A simple 72-h photodegradation study in purified water exhibited significant first-order kinetics with the kinetic constant k = 0.0303 h⁻¹, and degradation halftime 22.8 h. The basic halftime could be reduced to 17.1 h by the addition of sea salt, and increase in temperature. Monohydroxy, dihydroxy and dehydrogenated derivatives of ethinylestradiol with intact steroidal structure were identified as major degradation products resulting from simple photodegradation. The addition of an oxidative agent significantly accelerated the degradation rate; combined with higher temperature, the degradation halftime was reduced to 1.1 h with the first-order kinetic constant k = 0.632 h⁻¹. TOC analysis showed a notable decrease of organic mass (18% in 3 days) during oxidation experiments, and confirmed the degradation of steroidal structure.

http://ift.tt/2vZTIWL

Using multi-level Bayesian lesion-symptom mapping to probe the body-part-specificity of gesture imitation skills

Publication date: 1 November 2017
Source:NeuroImage, Volume 161
Author(s): Elisabeth I.S. Achilles, Peter H. Weiss, Gereon R. Fink, Ellen Binder, Cathy J. Price, Thomas M.H. Hope
Past attempts to identify the neural substrates of hand and finger imitation skills in the left hemisphere of the brain have yielded inconsistent results. Here, we analyse those associations in a large sample of 257 left hemisphere stroke patients. By introducing novel Bayesian methods, we characterise lesion symptom associations at three levels: the voxel-level, the single-region level (using anatomically defined regions), and the region-pair level. The results are inconsistent across those three levels and we argue that each level of analysis makes assumptions which constrain the results it can produce. Regardless of the inconsistencies across levels, and contrary to past studies which implicated differential neural substrates for hand and finger imitation, we find no consistent voxels or regions, where damage affects one imitation skill and not the other, at any of the three analysis levels. Our novel Bayesian approach indicates that any apparent differences appear to be driven by an increased sensitivity of hand imitation skills to lesions that also impair finger imitation. In our analyses, the results of the highest level of analysis (region-pairs) emphasise a role of the primary somatosensory and motor cortices, and the occipital lobe in imitation. We argue that this emphasis supports an account of both imitation tasks based on direct sensor-motor connections, which throws doubt on past accounts which imply the need for an intermediate (e.g. body-part-coding) system of representation.



http://ift.tt/2vasOdI

Genetics of restless legs syndrome: An update

A major role of genetic factors in the risk of developing restless legs syndrome (RLS) is supported by the high frequency of positive family history of RLS in patients affected with this disease, and the higher concordance rates in monozygotic twins compared with dizygotic ones in twin studies. In this review we have focused on those reports describing inheritance patterns of RLS, genetic anticipation, the results of studies performed on positivity of family history of RLS, twin studies, linkage studies in familial RLS, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), exome sequencing studies, and case-control association studies on candidate genes in RLS.

http://ift.tt/2wAtc8U

Delaying Implant-Based Mammary Reconstruction After Radiotherapy Does Not Decrease Capsular Contracture: An In Vitro Study

We read with great interest the article entitled "Delaying Implant-Based Mammary Reconstruction After Radiotherapy Does Not Decrease Capsular Contracture: An In Vitro Study (J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2017 June; pii: S1748-6815(17)30256-5). El-Diwany et al. have published a very interesting in-vitro study about fibrosis and capsular contracture after radiotherapy (RT). In this study they demonstrated with in vitro experiments that RT causes irreversible cellular changes which permanently alter the microenvironment in favour of fibrosis so that delaying breast reconstruction does not decrease the percentage of capsular contracture.

http://ift.tt/2vZBqox

Trends in Post-Mastectomy Breast Reconstruction Types at a Breast Cancer Tertiary Referral Centre Before and After Introduction of Acellular Dermal Matrices

Reconstructive breast surgery has continued to evolve over the last decade with a key change being adoption of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) as an adjunct for implant-based procedures. This retrospective observational study assesses the impact of ADMs on post-mastectomy reconstructive practice performed in a single institution.

http://ift.tt/2wjSto6

21st Annual SASRO Meeting

http://ift.tt/2vUJl86

Scholar : Journal of Natural History, Volume 51, Issue 31-32, August 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

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The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Journal of Natural History, Volume 51, Issue 31-32, August 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. This new issue contains the following articles: Original Articles Monstrilloids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the Mediterranean Sea (Northern Adriatic Sea), with a description of six new species Eduardo Suárez-Morales, Alenka Goruppi, Alessandra de Olazabal & Valentina Tirelli Pages: 1795-1834 | DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1359698 Hatching phenology, life history and population dynamics of the Oriental clam shrimp Eulimnadia indocylindrova Durga Prasad and Simhachalam with notes on phenology patterns in the Spinicaudata Nikita J. Sabnis, Mihir R. Kulkarni, Sameer M. Padhye & Kalpana Pai Pages: 1835-1849 | DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1355996 A new genus and four new species of onchidiid slugs from South-East Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Onchidiidae) Benoît Dayrat, Tricia C. Goulding , Deepak Apte, Vishal Bhave & Quảng Ngô Xuân Pages: 1851-1897 | DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1347297 New Acanthodrilus species from New Caledonia (Clitellata, Megadrili, Acanthodrilidae) Csaba Csuzdi , Oren Pearlson & Tomás Pavlíček Pages: 1899-1912 | DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1355500 Not every drought is bad: quantifying reproductive effort in the harlequin frog Atelopus laetissimus (Anura: Bufonidae) Andres A. Rocha Usuga, Fernando Vargas-Salinas & Luis Alberto Rueda Solano Pages: 1913-1928 | DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1355075 Ecology of two Pittas (Pitta soror and Pitta nympha) in limestone forests of South China Aiwu Jiang , Gang Yang , Emilio Pagani-Núñez & Demeng Jiang Pages: 1929-1941 | DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1355490 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : These new articles for Criminal Justice Studies are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Criminal Justice Studies and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Erratum Erratum Pages: 1-1 | DOI: 10.1080/1478601X.2017.1364749 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : Commonwealth Law Bulletin, Volume 43, Issue 1, March 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content Commonwealth Law Bulletin, Volume 43, Issue 1, March 2017 is now available online on Taylor & Francis Online. This new issue contains the following articles: Articles Analysis of the legal and policy framework applicable to Combat Vesico Vaginal Fistula in Nigeria and systemic challenges to their implementation Oluseyi Olayanju Pages: 3-21 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1341328 Options of litigation funding in serving the interests of society: a critical evaluation from the viewpoint of access to justice Sekander Zulker Nayeen Pages: 22-32 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1341329 When arbitration clause and oppression claim collide Aiman Nariman Mohd-Sulaiman & Mohsin Hingun Pages: 33-47 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1357477 Vice and virtue of the Basic Structure Doctrine: a comparative analytic reconsideration of the Indian sub-continent's constitutional practices Md. Abdul Malek Pages: 48-74 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1358648 Cybercrime and legislation: a critical reflection on the Cybercrimes Act, 2015 of Jamaica Corlane Barclay Pages: 77-107 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1310626 Child, early, and forced marriages (CEFM) in the Commonwealth: the role of the judiciary Elizabeth Nahamya Hon. Justice Pages: 111-144 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1329964 Book Review The contested empowerment of Kenya's judiciary, 2010–2015: a historical institutional analysis Francis N. Botchway Pages: 147-149 | DOI: 10.1080/03050718.2017.1347272 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Data on heavy metal levels (Cd, Co, and Cu) in wheat grains cultured in Dashtestan County, Iran

Publication date: October 2017
Source:Data in Brief, Volume 14
Author(s): Abdolhamid Esmaili, Vahid Noroozi Karbasdehi, Reza Saeedi, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi, Tayebeh Sobhani, Sina Dobaradaran
Due to importance of wheat as the most popular food, in this data article, we determined the accumulation of heavy metal levels including Cd, Co, and Cu in wheat grains in Dashtestan county, Iran. The concentration levels of heavy metals in wheat grains cultured were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS).¹1 Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry



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Black peel in facial dermatoses

Summary

Background

Melasma (facial dermatoses) is an acquired chronic disorder of hyperpigmentation over sun exposed parts and continues to be a therapeutic challenge due to the presence of melanin at varying depths in the epidermis and dermis, and many researchers are working hard to find a solution. The main culprit to remain is direct sun exposure, with other factors like drugs, genetic predisposition, thyroid abnormalities, pregnancy, phototoxic and photoallergic cosmetics. Melasma continues to have a remarkable impact on the well-being of affected patients causing deep psychological and social anguish, and with the expansion of cosmetic dermatology globally, treatments that are successful against skin diseases and boost beauty without prolonged recovery periods, or exposing patients to the risks of surgery, are increasingly recognised and acknowledged. Many clinicians have used various peeling in facial acne, scarring, and hyperpigmentations, and there have been no well-controlled studies comparing them with other conventional agents. Case presentation: a unique case of facial hyperpigmentation in a black female who presented seeking help which can be attributed to increased aesthetic awareness among people nowadays. A single session of black peel several passes was performed and the lady noted a lightening effect in the following weeks.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to improve, advance and expand our understanding and the knowledge beyond what is already known to wider colleagues, to impact society at large and to disseminate the findings to wider audiences. Also, the objective of the present paper is to examine the different effect of black peel in the treatment of facial dermatoses, and it gives realistic tips on performing black peeling safely and effectively in ethnic skin groups. This is meant to shed light on some ways for clinical handling and improving our understanding scientifically and educationally. It is the first original case report of interest in the existing literature for the best of my knowledge that had a positive impact for my female patient.

Method

A single pass of black peel was applied on the lady's face.

Results

A pleasing brightening effect was examined and boosted the lady confidence.

Conclusion

The patient had a positive pleasing experience that she had noticed from a single session application of the black peel.

http://ift.tt/2vUzCPr

Scholar : These new articles for Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences are available online

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content New for Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences and online now on Taylor & Francis Online: Reviews The Role of Intra-Yarn Shear in Integrated Multi-Scale Deformation Analyses of Woven Fabrics: A Critical Review M. Haghi Kashani, A. Hosseini, F. Sassani, F. K. Ko & A. S. Milani Pages: 1-20 | DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2017.1342597 To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Scholar : New articles have been published for Cogent Arts & Humanities, Volume 4, Issue 1

The online platform for Taylor & Francis Online content The following articles have been newly published in the issue Cogent Arts & Humanities, Volume 4, Issue 1 on Taylor & Francis Online: Research Article Arresting hope: Women taking action in prison health inside out | Ruth Elwood Martin, Mo Korchinski, Lynn Fels, Carl Leggo, Susan Cox 0 | DOI: 10.1080/23311983.2017.1352156 Printing and publishing the illustrated botanical book in nineteenth century Great Britain | Mary Burns, Geraghty Lincoln 1364058 | DOI: 10.1080/23311983.2017.1364058 The issue is in progress. To view all articles already published in this issue, please visit: http://ift.tt/2npFbOk To update which email alerts you receive, manage your alerts within the My Account area. You can also unsubscribe from this alert with one click. If you need any further help, please contact us at support@tandfonline.com Please do not reply to this email. To ensure that you receive your alerts and information from Taylor & Francis Online, please add "alerts@tandfonline.com" and "info@tandfonline.com" to your safe senders list. Taylor & Francis, an Informa business. Taylor & Francis is a trading name of Informa UK Limited, registered in England under no. 1072954. Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London, SW1P 1WG.

Primary hyperparathyroidism in Chinese children and adolescents: A single-center experience at Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Abstract

Objective

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in children is thought to be extremely rare. Our study aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics and the molecular genetics in patients with pediatric PHPT in China.

Design

Retrospective observational study.

Methods

A total of 59 pediatric PHPT patients (onset age <18 years) admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1975 to 2015 were retrospectively identified. A group of 118 adult PHPT patients who presented during the same period were selected for comparing clinical characteristics between the two groups. Germline mutation analyses of the MEN1, CDC73, RET, CDKN1B, and CaSR genes were performed in 24 patients.

Results

Only one pediatric patient (1.7%) with PHPT was asymptomatic. Bone involvement, urolithiasis, acute pancreatitis, and hypercalcemic crisis were present in 86.4%, 39.0%, 6.8%, and 10.2% of cases, respectively. Pediatric PHPT presented more commonly with rickets/osteomalacia compared to adult PHPT. Fifty-seven pediatric patients underwent surgery. Adenoma, hyperplasia, atypical adenoma, and carcinoma occurred in 80.7%, 10.5%, 7.0% and 1.8% of cases, respectively. Of the 24 pediatric patients screened for genetic mutations, two patients were found to carry MEN1 mutations and six were found to carry CDC73 mutations. The mutation rate was 22.2%(4/18) in sporadic patients.

Conclusion

Unlike adults with PHPT, most pediatric PHPT were symptomatic. Rickets/osteomalacia were more common in pediatric patients than in their adult counterparts. Pediatric PHPT patients can be treated successfully with surgical intervention. Genetic screening of the MEN1 and CDC73 genes for mutations should be recommended in pediatric patients due to a relatively high mutation rate.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Quality and Safety in Anesthesia and Perioperative Care.

No abstract available

http://ift.tt/2wzl7Bg

Patchy Growth Control

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Hugo Stocker
TORC1 is arguably the best-studied regulator of cellular growth in eukaryotes. However, its activity has not been assessed in vivo in developing multicellular organisms. Two studies in this issue of Developmental Cell (Kim et al., 2017; Romero-Pozuelo et al., 2017) surprisingly reveal a patchy, cell-cycle-controlled pattern of TORC1 activation in Drosophila imaginal discs.

Teaser

TORC1 is arguably the best-studied regulator of cellular growth in eukaryotes. However, its activity has not been assessed in vivo in developing multicellular organisms. Two studies in this issue of Developmental Cell (Kim et al., 2017; Romero-Pozuelo et al., 2017) surprisingly reveal a patchy, cell-cycle-controlled pattern of TORC1 activation in Drosophila imaginal discs.


http://ift.tt/2x7OQPr

Optimal Contractile Forces for a Mesenchymal Engine

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Dennis E. Discher, Lawrence J. Dooling
The cell and molecular mechanisms that cause a smooth epithelium to become topographically patterned during development are poorly understood. In a recent issue of Science, Shyer et al. (2017) show that myosin II contractility drives the smooth dermal mesenchyme into a pattern of surface bumps that triggers epithelial gene expression.

Teaser

The cell and molecular mechanisms that cause a smooth epithelium to become topographically patterned during development are poorly understood. In a recent issue of Science, Shyer et al. (2017) show that myosin II contractility drives the smooth dermal mesenchyme into a pattern of surface bumps that triggers epithelial gene expression.


http://ift.tt/2vTKQU4

Zygotic Genome Activation in Vertebrates

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): David Jukam, S. Ali M. Shariati, Jan M. Skotheim
The first major developmental transition in vertebrate embryos is the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) when maternal mRNAs are degraded and zygotic transcription begins. During the MZT, the embryo takes charge of gene expression to control cell differentiation and further development. This spectacular organismal transition requires nuclear reprogramming and the initiation of RNAPII at thousands of promoters. Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is mechanistically coordinated with other embryonic events, including changes in the cell cycle, chromatin state, and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic component ratios. Here, we review progress in understanding vertebrate ZGA dynamics in frogs, fish, mice, and humans to explore differences and emphasize common features.

Teaser

The first major developmental transition in vertebrate embryos is the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) when maternal mRNAs are degraded and zygotic transcription begins. During the MZT, the embryo takes charge of gene expression to control cell differentiation and further development. This spectacular organismal transition requires nuclear reprogramming and the initiation of RNAPII at thousands of promoters. Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is mechanistically coordinated with other embryonic events, including changes in the cell cycle, chromatin state, and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic component ratios. Here, we review progress in understanding vertebrate ZGA dynamics in frogs, fish, mice, and humans to explore differences and emphasize common features.


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HBL1 Is a Human Long Noncoding RNA that Modulates Cardiomyocyte Development from Pluripotent Stem Cells by Counteracting MIR1

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Juli Liu, Yang Li, Bo Lin, Yi Sheng, Lei Yang
Cardiogenesis processes in human and animals have differential dynamics, suggesting the existence of species-specific regulators during heart development. However, it remains a challenge to discover the human-specific cardiac regulatory genes, given that most coding genes are conserved. Here, we report the identification of a human-specific long noncoding RNA, Heart Brake LncRNA 1 (HBL1), which regulates cardiomyocyte development from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Overexpression of HBL1 repressed, whereas knockdown and knockout of HBL1 increased, cardiomyocyte differentiation from hiPSCs. HBL1 physically interacted with MIR1 in an AGO2 complex. Disruption of MIR1 binding sites in HBL1 showed an effect similar to that of HBL1 knockout. SOX2 bound to HBL1 promoter and activated its transcription. Knockdown of SOX2 in hiPSCs led to decreased HBL1 expression and increased cardiomyocyte differentiation efficiency. Thus, HBL1 plays a modulatory role in fine-tuning human-specific cardiomyocyte development by forming a regulatory network with SOX2 and MIR1.

Graphical abstract

Teaser

Liu et al. identify a human lncRNA HBL1, which is conserved among nonhuman primates, but not other vertebrates, in the regulation of cardiomyocyte differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells. HBL1 physically interacts with MIR1 in an AGO2 complex to silence MIR1 activity and HBL1 is transcriptionally activated by SOX2.


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Protein Clustering Shapes Polarity Protein Gradients

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Edwin Munro
In this issue of Developmental Cell, Dickinson et al. (2017) and Rodriguez et al. (2017), along with Wang et al. (2017) in Nature Cell Biology, show how PAR protein oligomerization can dynamically couple protein diffusion and transport by cortical flow to control kinase activity gradients and polarity in the C. elegans zygote.

Teaser

In this issue of Developmental Cell, Dickinson et al. (2017) and Rodriguez et al. (2017), along with Wang et al. (2017) in Nature Cell Biology, show how PAR protein oligomerization can dynamically couple protein diffusion and transport by cortical flow to control kinase activity gradients and polarity in the C. elegans zygote.


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Spatial Activation of TORC1 Is Regulated by Hedgehog and E2F1 Signaling in the Drosophila Eye

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Wonho Kim, Yoon-Gu Jang, Jinsung Yang, Jongkyeong Chung
Target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) regulates cell growth in response to nutrients and growth factors. Although TORC1 signaling has been thoroughly studied at the cellular level, the regulation of TORC1 in multicellular tissues and organs has remained elusive. Here we found that TORC1 is selectively activated in the second mitotic wave (SMW), the terminal synchronous cell division, of the developing Drosophila eye. We demonstrated that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling regulates TORC1 through E2F1 and the cyclin D/Cdk4 complex in the SMW, and this regulation is independent from insulin and amino acid signaling pathways. TORC1 is necessary for the proper G1/S transition of the cells, and the activation of TORC1 rescues the cell-cycle defect of Hh signaling-deficient cells in the SMW. Based on this evolutionarily conserved regulation of TORC1 by Hh signaling, we propose that Hh-dependent developmental signaling pathways spatially regulate TORC1 activity in multicellular organisms.

Graphical abstract

Teaser

How target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), a critical activator for cell growth, is regulated during animal development is largely unknown. Kim et al. demonstrate that TORC1 is active in spatially restricted cells in the Drosophila eye, which requires Hedgehog-E2F1 signaling and is necessary for synchronous cell-cycle progression.


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The Proprioceptive System Masterminds Spinal Alignment: Insight into the Mechanism of Scoliosis

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Ronen Blecher, Sharon Krief, Tal Galili, Inbal E. Biton, Tomer Stern, Eran Assaraf, Ditsa Levanon, Elena Appel, Yoram Anekstein, Gabriel Agar, Yoram Groner, Elazar Zelzer
Maintaining posture requires tight regulation of the position and orientation of numerous spinal components. Yet, surprisingly little is known about this regulatory mechanism, whose failure may result in spinal deformity as in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Here, we use genetic mouse models to demonstrate the involvement of proprioception in regulating spine alignment. Null mutants for Runx3 transcription factor, which lack TrkC neurons connecting between proprioceptive mechanoreceptors and spinal cord, developed peripubertal scoliosis not preceded by vertebral dysplasia or muscle asymmetry. Deletion of Runx3 in the peripheral nervous system or specifically in peripheral sensory neurons, or of enhancer elements driving Runx3 expression in proprioceptive neurons, induced a similar phenotype. Egr3 knockout mice, lacking muscle spindles, but not Golgi tendon organs, displayed a less severe phenotype, suggesting that both receptor types may be required for this regulatory mechanism. These findings uncover a central role for the proprioceptive system in maintaining spinal alignment.

Graphical abstract

Teaser

Blecher et al. report that mutant mice lacking functional proprioceptive circuitry develop peripubertal scoliosis not preceded by vertebral dysplasia or muscle asymmetry. Knockout mice lacking one of two proprioceptor types displayed the same, but less severe, phenotype. These findings uncover a central role for proprioception in maintaining spinal alignment.


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CycD/Cdk4 and Discontinuities in Dpp Signaling Activate TORC1 in the Drosophila Wing Disc

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Jesús Romero-Pozuelo, Constantinos Demetriades, Phillip Schroeder, Aurelio A. Teleman
The molecular mechanisms regulating animal tissue size during development are unclear. This question has been extensively studied in the Drosophila wing disc. Although cell growth is regulated by the kinase TORC1, no readout exists to visualize TORC1 activity in situ in Drosophila. Both the cell cycle and the morphogen Dpp are linked to tissue growth, but whether they regulate TORC1 activity is not known. We develop here an anti-phospho-dRpS6 antibody that detects TORC1 activity in situ. We find, unexpectedly, that TORC1 activity in the wing disc is patchy. This is caused by elevated TORC1 activity at the cell cycle G1/S transition due to CycD/Cdk4 phosphorylating TSC1/2. We find that TORC1 is also activated independently of CycD/Cdk4 when cells with different levels of Dpp signaling or Brinker protein are juxtaposed. We thereby characterize the spatial distribution of TORC1 activity in a developing organ.

Teaser

Contrary to expectation, TORC1 activity is neither uniform nor graded within a developing tissue. Romero-Pozuelo et al. find that TORC1 activity is patchy, peaking in cells at the G1/S transition due to CycD/Cdk4 activity. Discontinuities in Dpp signaling also activate TORC1 locally and non-autonomously in a Cdk4-independent manner.


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A Single-Cell Biochemistry Approach Reveals PAR Complex Dynamics during Cell Polarization

Publication date: 21 August 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 42, Issue 4
Author(s): Daniel J. Dickinson, Francoise Schwager, Lionel Pintard, Monica Gotta, Bob Goldstein
Regulated protein-protein interactions are critical for cell signaling, differentiation, and development. For the study of dynamic regulation of protein interactions in vivo, there is a need for techniques that can yield time-resolved information and probe multiple protein binding partners simultaneously, using small amounts of starting material. Here we describe a single-cell protein interaction assay. Single-cell lysates are generated at defined time points and analyzed using single-molecule pull-down, yielding information about dynamic protein complex regulation in vivo. We established the utility of this approach by studying PAR polarity proteins, which mediate polarization of many animal cell types. We uncovered striking regulation of PAR complex composition and stoichiometry during Caenorhabditis elegans zygote polarization, which takes place in less than 20 min. PAR complex dynamics are linked to the cell cycle by Polo-like kinase 1 and govern the movement of PAR proteins to establish polarity. Our results demonstrate an approach to study dynamic biochemical events in vivo.

Graphical abstract

Teaser

Single-cell analysis is becoming increasingly important for cell biology. Dickinson et al. describe a single-cell assay for protein interactions, using microfluidic lysis and single-molecule pull-down. They apply this approach to show that PAR complex assembly is dynamic and is linked to the cell cycle during cell polarization in C. elegans.


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Inflammation, Stem Cells, and the Aging Hypothalamus

Rejuvenation Research Aug 2017, Vol. 20, No. 4: 346-349.


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Deficient Data Dissemination Does Damage

Rejuvenation Research Aug 2017, Vol. 20, No. 4: 261-262.


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Exploring Furnas-McGregor paradox: describing normal distribution in central limb stereometric gain in 60° Z-plasty

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Reconstruction of full-thickness cheek defect with a folded cervico-pectoral cutaneous flap following ablation of advanced oral cancer in elderly patient

Abstract

Background

Reconstruction of full-thickness cheek defects involving both the oral lining and the external facial skin following ablative surgery remains a difficult task. Free flap reconstruction is the main modality of treatment, but sometimes there is a reluctance to use it in elderly patients with several comorbidities for an increased risk of non-cancer-related cause of death.

Methods

This article describes a folded cervico-pectoral fasciocutaneous flap that has been used to reconstruct a full-thickness cheek defect in elderly patients. Moreover, surgical technique and aesthetic results 2 years after surgery are discussed in this article.

Results

Currently, after 2 years, the patient is free of disease and enjoys good health.

Conclusions

In conclusion, folded cervico-pectoral fasciocutaneous flap is a fast and practical technique for reconstructing full-thickness cheek defects after tumor excision. The flap was straightforward to perform and reliable in both blood supply and cosmetic outcome, and it provides a good alternative to free flaps for cheek and upper neck reconstruction of elderly patients.

Level of Evidence: Level V, therapeutic study.

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Clinical description of skin lesions in pathology requisition forms completed by plastic surgeons is lacking: a retrospective study of 499 lesions

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Anatomy of superficial inferior epigastric vessels: revival of superficial inferior epigastric (SIEA) flap

Abstract

Background

Development of perforator flaps evolves the perspective of reconstructive surgery to another level due to many of their advantages over the pedicled flaps, particularly lower donor-site morbidity and versatility in flap design. Superficial inferior epigastric artery (SIEA) flap offers this significant advantage over other lower abdominal flaps, as dissection of the rectus abdominis muscle is not required. However, both vascular agenesis and inappropriate vessel size for anastomosis are the major limitations. This study was therefore aimed to investigate these aspects of this flap.

Methods

Twenty cadavers were dissected bilaterally to demonstrate vascular anatomy of these vessels. The SIEA of each cadaver was dissected and traced from the origin (femoral arteries) to their presence in the subcutaneous layer. Originating patterns of these vessels, whether sharing a common trunk with other vessels such as superficial circumflex iliac (SCI) or superficial external pudendal (SEP) arteries, was determined and their diameters measured.

Results

SIEA agenesis rate was found to be 7.5% (3/40). The diameters greater than 1 and 1.5 mm were found in 86% (32/37) and 30% (11/37), respectively. The distance between its origin and point of entering Scarpa's fascia varies from 10.29 to 62.62 mm (mean 37.48 mm). As opposed to the artery, the superficial inferior epigastric vein was found to be present in all dissections with a diameter ranging from 2.12 to 5 mm (mean 3.09 mm) and the distance, as measured in SIEA, ranging from 20.1 to 74.28 mm (mean 41.24 mm). SIEA usually crosses the inguinal ligament within area between mid-inguinal point and 3 cm medially. Correlations were found (1) between SIEA diameter and pedicle length and (2) between bilateral pedicle lengths of both artery and vein.

Conclusions

The high prevalence of both SIEA presence and appropriate diameter for anastomosis, and thus flap success, makes the SIEA perforator flap an appropriate option for reconstructive treatment.

Level of Evidence: not ratable.

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