Benign vascular lesions of the lips: diagnostic approach

ABSTRACT

Background

Although not rare, vascular lesions occurring in the lips sometimes poses a difficult in properly diagnosing and handling them. In the present study vascular lesions occurring in the lips were retrieved from an Oral Pathology Service.

Methods

Among 5,600 biopsies, 131 cases were found. The following diagnoses were attributed: caliber-persistent artery, infantile hemangioma, vascular malformation, venous lake, thrombus, papillary endothelial hyperplasia, and pyogenic granuloma. Clinical data were obtained from patients' records.

Results

The lesions` frequency were: pyogenic granuloma (48%), followed by venous lake (17.5%), thrombus (14.5%), papillary endothelial hyperplasia (9.1%), infantile hemangioma (6,1%), caliber persistent artery (3%) and vascular malformation (1.5%). GLUT-1 was positive only in infantile hemangioma. The other markers (CD34 and SMA) were positive in all lesions, except for podoplanin, which was negative.

Conclusion

It is important to be aware of the occurrence of different vascular lip lesions and their histomorphologies in order to properly handle them. Despite most lesions do not represent any risk to the patient, some of them can reach large dimensions and thus cause aesthetical trouble. Immunohistochemistry may help when the vascular character of the lesion is not promptly determined and to differentiate among some lesions.

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