Use of Eye Tracking as an Innovative Instructional Method in Surgical Human Anatomy

Publication date: Available online 24 January 2017
Source:Journal of Surgical Education
Author(s): María Luísa Sánchez-Ferrer, María Dolores Grima-Murcia, Francisco Sánchez-Ferrer, Ana Isabel Hernández-Peñalver, Eduardo Fernández-Jover, Francisco Sánchez del Campo
ObjectiveTobii glasses can record corneal infrared light reflection to track pupil position and to map gaze focusing in the video recording. Eye tracking has been proposed for use in training and coaching as a visually guided control interface. The aim of our study was to test the potential use of these glasses in various situations: explanations of anatomical structures on tablet-type electronic devices, explanations of anatomical models and dissected cadavers, and during the prosection thereof. An additional aim of the study was to test the use of the glasses during laparoscopies performed on Thiel-embalmed cadavers (that allows pneumoinsufflation and exact reproduction of the laparoscopic surgical technique). The device was also tried out in actual surgery (both laparoscopy and open surgery).DesignWe performed a pilot study using the Tobii glasses.SettingDissection room at our School of Medicine and in the operating room at our Hospital.ParticipantsTo evaluate usefulness, a survey was designed for use among students, instructors, and practicing physicians.ResultsThe results were satisfactory, with the usefulness of this tool supported by more than 80% positive responses to most questions. There was no inconvenience for surgeons and that patient safety was ensured in the real laparoscopy.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first publication to demonstrate the usefulness of eye tracking in practical instruction of human anatomy, as well as in teaching clinical anatomy and surgical techniques in the dissection and operating rooms.



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