miR-219 Cooperates with miR-338 in Myelination and Promotes Myelin Repair in the CNS

Publication date: 27 March 2017
Source:Developmental Cell, Volume 40, Issue 6
Author(s): Haibo Wang, Ana Lis Moyano, Zhangyan Ma, Yaqi Deng, Yifeng Lin, Chuntao Zhao, Liguo Zhang, Minqing Jiang, Xuelian He, Zhixing Ma, Fanghui Lu, Mei Xin, Wenhao Zhou, Sung Ok Yoon, Ernesto R. Bongarzone, Q. Richard Lu
A lack of sufficient oligodendrocyte myelination contributes to remyelination failure in demyelinating disorders. miRNAs have been implicated in oligodendrogenesis; however, their functions in myelin regeneration remained elusive. Through developmentally regulated targeted mutagenesis, we demonstrate that miR-219 alleles are critical for CNS myelination and remyelination after injury. Further deletion of miR-338 exacerbates the miR-219 mutant hypomyelination phenotype. Conversely, miR-219 overexpression promotes precocious oligodendrocyte maturation and regeneration processes in transgenic mice. Integrated transcriptome profiling and biotin-affinity miRNA pull-down approaches reveal stage-specific miR-219 targets in oligodendrocytes and further uncover a novel network for miR-219 targeting of differentiation inhibitors including Lingo1 and Etv5. Inhibition of Lingo1 and Etv5 partially rescues differentiation defects of miR-219-deficient oligodendrocyte precursors. Furthermore, miR-219 mimics enhance myelin restoration following lysolecithin-induced demyelination as well as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, principal animal models of multiple sclerosis. Together, our findings identify context-specific miRNA-regulated checkpoints that control myelinogenesis and a therapeutic role for miR-219 in CNS myelin repair.

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Wang et al. show that miR-219 collaborates with miR-338 and is required for proper oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination in the mammalian CNS by targeting a network of stage-specific differentiation inhibitors, including Lingo1 and Etv5. Therapeutic delivery of miR-219 also enhances myelin repair in animal models of multiple sclerosis.


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