The relationship between neurofibromatosis type 1, juvenile xanthogranuloma, and malignancy: A retrospective case-control study

Publication date: Available online 8 February 2017
Source:Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Author(s): Carmen Liy-Wong, Javed Mohammed, Amanda Carleton, Elena Pope, Patricia Parkin, Irene Lara-Corrales
BackgroundNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) predisposes individuals to the development of benign and malignant tumors. The association of NF-1, juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG), and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia has been described in the literature. It is unclear whether JXG alone constitute a risk factor for leukemia or other malignancies in children with NF-1.ObjectiveTo determine if there is an association between NF-1, JXG, and malignancy.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case-control study comparing children with NF-1 and malignancy (cases) with sex- and age-matched children with NF-1 without malignancy (controls).ResultsWe identified 739 patients with NF-1 over a 20-year period, 14 of whom also had a diagnosis of malignancy. These cases include 9 (64%) boys and 5 (36%) girls. JXG were found in 4/14 (28.5%) cases and 6/29 (21%) controls (odds ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 0.35-6.6, P = .56).LimitationsRetrospective design, small number of cases, and inconsistent documentation of clinical findings, including age at disappearance of JXG.ConclusionsJuvenile xanthogranulomas do not appear to confer an increased risk for malignancy in children with NF-1.



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