Abstract Objective Custody conditions in police cells are often demeaning and considered inappropriate for human beings. The detention of young adolescents in police custody has received little attention. Our study aimed to describe the characteristics of adolescents under 18 detained in custody. Methods We studied all arrestees aged 13–17 examined...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract We present a duo paternity test case to assess the biological relationship between a woman and her female child. After analyzing 57 autosomal and 19 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci, mother–daughter exclusions were discovered at four loci, which were all located on chromosome 2. Further testing of whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms confirmed that the daughter had complete uniparental disomy (UPD) of chromosome 2. This study presents a cautionary case...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract To improve available databases of forensic interest, all Y-STR haplotypes from Kazakh population were presented in this study. The reference database accumulated almost 3650 samples from academic and citizen science. Additionally, 27 Y-STR from Yfiler Plus System were first analyzed in 300 males from Kazakh (Qazaq) populations residing in Kazakhstan. The data is available in the YHDR under accession numbers YA004316 and YA004322. A total of 270 unique haplotypes were...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Self-inflicted fractures simulating traffic accident represent a new social fraud opportunity for criminality. Recognising scams through an increase of awareness of existence of self-inflicted arm fractures for insurance fraud could help community health workers to report these injuries to the competent authorities. In this article, authors have recognised an unusual but consistent pattern of upper and lower limb fractures whose incidence does not coincide in numerical...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract In the present study, blood samples of 984 unrelated Han individuals were collected from Dongfang, Southern China, after informed consent. A total of 29 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) were analyzed, including DYF387S1, DYS19, DYS385ab, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS444, DYS447, DYS448, DYS449, DYS456, DYS458, DYS460, DYS481, DYS508, DYS518, DYS533, DYS576, DYS635, DYS643 and GATAH4. A total of 749 different haplotypes...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract The use of DNA to determine the ancestry of an individual is becoming more and more important in the areas of forensics. Kidd et al. (Forensic Sci Int Genet 12:215–224, 2014) have been the first to identify and catalog haplotypes, termed as minihaplotypes (1–10-kilobase spans) and microhaplotypes (≤ 200 bp), with potential use in forensic analysis. In the present study, we selected 10 short ancestry informative microhaplotypes by calculating the informativeness (In)...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract The Qiagen Investigator® DIPplex Kit multiplexes 30 autosomal INDELs plus amelogenin for forensic use. The aim of this study was to estimate the diversity of 30 INDEL loci in a sample of 530 Tibetan individuals from Qinghai Province, China, and to evaluate the usefulness of these loci for forensic genetics. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 14.3 to 53.4%, and combined power of discrimination, matching probability, and cumulative probability of exclusion were 0.99999999999172,...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Chimerism in humans is defined as the presence of two genetically different cell lines within the same organism. It is usually an acquired condition that is restricted to certain tissues and can be explained by therapeutic interventions such as blood transfusion or the transplantation of allogenic hematopoietic cells. Implications of such patients for forensic DNA testing have been described in the literature. In some rare cases, true inherited chimerism is observed....
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Population genetic data for 21 X-chromosome markers (Alu insertions and STRs) are reported for two populations (rural and urban) in Salta province (north-western Argentina). New variants are described, confirming the complexity and variability of some markers in this set. Results reveal Salta populations harbor a high Native American component, despite their self-recognized European ancestry. Notwithstanding the high genetic similarity of both populations, the rural...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Pakistan is located at an important cross-road of human history and has been a passageway for many invaders and dynasties in the past. The historic human migrations across this country have resulted in a blend of ancient civilizations, which are still reflected in the current socio-cultural fabrication of this population. This makes Pakistan an ideal country to study the genetic differentiation and various other genomic aspects of a human population.
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract In forensic entomology, evaluation of a possible delay between a person’s death and insect colonization is crucial. We monitored the seasonal flight activities of the most abundant blow flies in an urban habitat in Frankfurt/Germany based on 152 sampling days between April and October 2017. Thirty-six thousand female specimens of 12 necrophagous taxa were sampled as a possible groundwork for establishing a prediction tool for the activity of certain forensically relevant...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract When using microsatellite loci for DNA paternity testing, genetic inconsistencies sometimes occur in true trios and duos and may be erroneously attributed to germline mutations of microsatellite alleles. Here, we reported a typical case and discussed the issue of how to find out the cause of a genetic inconsistency. In our case, a genetic inconsistency in a true trio was observed at the D8S1179 locus, where the father has only allele 10 as compared to only allele 16...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract The purpose of this study was to document tongue position and its relation to the cause of death and sequential stages of body decomposition, as observed during the routine forensic pathological examination of bodies. The sample of 608 included all bodies examined by the first and third authors during the period April 2016 to September 2016. Tongue position was recorded in all cases where position of the tongue could be visually determined. The condition of the body...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Despite the increasing relevance of synthetic cannabinoids as one of the most important classes within “New Psychoactive Substances”, there is still a lack of knowledge concerning their metabolism in humans. Due to the extensive metabolism of synthetic cannabinoids, metabolites are necessarily the best target analytes in urine, posing additional challenges to forensic analysis. The aims of this study were to identify appropriate urinary targets indicating intake of THJ-018...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) have proven to be very useful in investigating sexual assault cases and in paternity lineage differentiation. However, currently available commercial Y-STR multiplex amplification systems bear the limitations in the identification of related males from the same paternal lineage due to there being an insufficient number of loci in any single amplification kit. The aim of this study was to establish and validate a novel 6-dye,...
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
Abstract Estimation of an individual’s age has important applications in forensics. In young individuals, it often relies on separate evaluations of permanent teeth (PT) and third molars (TM) development. Here, we analysed the age prediction performance of combined information from PT and TM in an unusual sample of healthy Somalis, born and living in Finland. PT development was staged according to Demirjian et al. (Hum Biol, 1973) and TM development according to Köhler et al....
Sun Jun 30, 2019 13:53
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