Related Articles Lipids and glucose homeostasis upon metabolic challenge: Extracellular matrix takes the stage. J Physiol. 2020 Jun 30;: Authors: Bonaldo P, Cescon M PMID: 32602951 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:28
Related Articles Lower body negative pressure: a novel remedy for preserving the cerebrovasculature from gravitational stress. J Physiol. 2020 Jun 30;: Authors: Sanjana F, DeConne TM PMID: 32602948 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:28
Related Articles Cortical layer 6 control of sensory responses in higher-order thalamus. J Physiol. 2020 Jun 30;: Authors: Ansorge J, Humanes-Valera D, Pauzin FP, Schwarz MK, Krieger P Abstract KEY POINTS: Thalamic activity is regulated by corticothalamic feedback from layers 5B and 6. To selectively study the importance of the layer 6 corticothalamic (L6 CT) projection a transgenic mouse line was used in which layer 6 cells projecting to posterior...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:28
Related Articles Sex differences in long-term effects of exertional heat stroke on myocardial metabolism. J Physiol. 2020 Jun 29;: Authors: Bugyei-Twum A PMID: 32598028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:28
Related Articles Modelling unitary fields and the single-neuron contribution to local field potentials in the hippocampus. J Physiol. 2020 Jun 29;: Authors: Telenczuk M, Telenczuk B, Destexhe A Abstract KEY POINTS: We simulate the unitary local field potential (uLFP) generated in the hippocampus CA3, using morphologically detailed models. The model suggests that cancelling effects between apical and basal dendritic synapses explain the low amplitude...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:28
Related Articles Inhibitory interneurons regulate phasic activity of noradrenergic neurons in the mouse locus coeruleus and functional implications. J Physiol. 2020 Jun 29;: Authors: Kuo CC, Hsieh JC, Tsai HC, Kuo YS, Yau HJ, Chen CC, Chen RF, Yang HW, Min MY Abstract KEY POINTS: The locus coeruleus (LC) contains noradrenergic (NA) neurons that respond to novel stimuli in the environment with phasic activation to initiate an orienting response;...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:28
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2020Source: International Journal of PsychophysiologyAuthor(s): Jeongok Logan, Bethany Teachman, Xiaoyue Liu, Charles R. Farber, Zhenqi Liu, Brian H. Annex
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:27
Related Articles Surgical Management of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumour Symposia. World J Surg. 2020 Jun 29;: Authors: Koea J, Pasieka J, Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumour Research Collaborative (CommNETs) Surgical Section PMID: 32601729 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:27
In this cross-sectional study, we assess associated factors of burden in spouse-caregivers of patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) in the chronic phase. 35 spouse-caregivers (71% female, :) of patients with mild/moderate ABI (29% female, :), admitted to the intensive rehabilitation unit of the Institute S. Anna (Crotone, Italy) between January 2013 and December 2017, were contacted 2 years postinjury and asked to complete a series of questionnaires. The outcome measure was the Caregiver Burden...
Wed Jul 01, 2020 16:05
Aims and Objectives: To analyze and evaluate clinical features that define complex dentoalveolar trauma. Materials and Methods: Forty-five patients, with a mean age of 36.1 years, were included in the study; most patients were male (82.2%). The main clinical features defining dentoalveolar fractures were evaluated, including the status of the tooth, alveolar socket and adjacent soft tissues and their relationships with tooth loss. The relationship between splinting and tooth loss was...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Intraosseous hemangioma is very rare, accounting for
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Benign osseous tumors of the frontal bone can be treated with endoscopic surgery, minimizing postoperative complications associated with the coronal approach and guaranteeing more functional and aesthetic results. The authors describe a case of a patient who had endoscopic removal of osteoma of the forehead using two 1 cm incisions behind the hairline. No complications such as hematoma and edema were detected. Endoscopic technique offered both good illumination and excellent magnification; it permitted...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Background: The most common surgical intervention to treat velopharyngeal dysfunction in the US is the posterior pharyngeal flap (PPF). In this retrospective study, the authors compare surgical and speech outcomes across 2 PPF surgical approaches: the palatal split (PS) and fish mouth (FM) techniques. Methods: An Institutional Review Board approved retrospective chart review was performed for PPF cases performed by a single surgeon between 2008 and 2016. Overall, 40 patients received...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Objective: The postauricular region (PR) is an anatomic area that has been neglected until now, due to the fact that the significant cosmetic changes and features of this region are often overlooked. There are limited and inconsistent data about postauricular masses in the literature and the definition of the PR and its borders remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to define the PR and evaluate benign and malignant masses that may arise in the PR. Methods: Fifty-two patients...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Poor proprioception, weakness, and impaired reflexes increase the incidence of facial fracture in the elderly. Mandibular fractures in these people range from 10.1% to 56%. Fragment reduction and fracture consolidation are difficult due to bone atrophy, decreased capacity for bone regeneration, and lack of anatomical landmarks to guide the alignment of the fragments. This study reports 2 patients with different conducts regarding the treatment of bilateral fractures in atrophic mandible. The first...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Objective: In Asia, the temporal hollowing is considered to be a sign of bad fortune and aging. Many people demand to correct the temporal hollowing with fat grafting. Subsequently, the temporal hypertrophy secondary to fat grafting become more and more. This study attempted to preliminarily explore the causes of temporal hypertrophy and observe the safety and effectiveness of liposuction in correcting temporal hypertrophy. Methods: A diagnostic criteria for temporal hypertrophy was...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
The aim of this study was to systematically review the effects of lidocaine mixed with epinephrine and bicarbonate in plastic surgery in terms of onset, duration, and the pain score. In PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, the terms “epinephrine” AND “lidocaine” AND “plastic surgery” were searched, resulting in 210 titles. Among them, 25 full papers were reviewed, 11 were excluded, and 5 mined papers were added. Therefore, 19 papers were analyzed. The mean time for the...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Introduction: While the use of virtual surgical planning (VSP) has been well described in the adult craniofacial literature, there has been little written about pediatric uses or trends. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the evolving utilization of VSP for pediatric craniofacial procedures. Methods: The authors’ prospective institutional review board-approved craniofacial registry was queried for index craniofacial procedures from January 2011 through December 2018. Data was...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Auricular hematoma is commonly seen in ear nose and throat clinical practice and mostly caused by blunt trauma as a result of traffic accident, wrestling, boxing etc. If hematoma does not discharge, blood supply of the cartilage fails and this results with the necrosis of the auricular cartilage. Incision and drainage of the hematoma is the cornerstone of the surgical treatment and simple compression methods are limited in terms of their ability to eliminate the empty space. Various techniques have...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered primarily a result of axonal loss. However, correlation with spinal cord cross‐sectional area – a predictor of disability – is poor, questioning the unique role of axonal loss. We investigated the degree of synaptic loss in post‐mortem spinal cords (18 chronic MS, eight healthy controls) using immunohistochemistry for synaptophysin and synapsin. Substantial (58–96%) loss of synapses throughout the spinal cord was detected, along with moderate (47%)...
Tue Jun 30, 2020 18:34
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is rarely required in infants, but when performed several aspects should be considered: These youngest patients are vulnerable to blood loss and cranial reconstruction can be challenging due to skull growth and bone flap resorption. On the other hand, infants have thin and flexible bone and osteogenic potential. The authors propose a technique which makes use of these unique aspects by achieving decompression with the craniofacial method of barrel stave osteotomy, aiming...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
The interaction between form and function in the craniofacial region is a well-accepted fact in orthodontics. The aim of the present study is to objectively evaluate if mandibular sagittal symphyseal distraction causes an increase in the retroglossal airway size and hyoid position in a retrospective clinical study. The pretreatment (T0) and 3 months post-distraction (T1) cone-beam computed tomography images of 12 patients (mean age 17.1 years) were retrieved. The retroglossal airway volume and hyoid-mandibular...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Correct anatomical reconstruction of the orbital wall for function and cosmesis is important; however, this is difficult because of the structure's complexity. The authors aimed to analyze and classify orbital morphology from computed tomography (CT) images and examine the relationship between orbital morphology and eyelid morphology in the Japanese population. CT images of 60 men (right side, 29; left side, 31) and 44 women (each side, 22) were included. The lengths of the orbital medial wall and...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Objective: To introduce a different approach for maxillary nerve block (MNB), in cleft palate repair. To reduce the use of opioids during surgery and to prevent frequent respiratory complications by means of an adequate intra and postoperative pain relief. Patients and Methods: A prospective clinical trial was planned, to collect scientific evidences between 2 groups of patients with primary cleft palate, receiving surgery in 2 Pediatric centers of Buenos Aires, utilizing a different...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Background: In the repair of prominent ear deformities, the main objectives are to recreate the antihelical fold, reduce projection in patients with a large concha, and normalize the distance between the ear and the cranium. This study evaluated the efficacy of the adipo-perichondrial flap-assisted posterior auricular muscle complex (PAMC) flap technique, which involves a new approach to the repair of prominent ear deformities. Materials and Methods: A medially based PAMC flap and a...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Purpose: At present, there are a variety of surgical methods for cleft palate repair, the authors first created the zigzag plasty of nasal mucosa musculature. The method is characteristic of better repair effect for anatomy and function of palatopharyngeal compared with the traditional method. Methods: Fifty patients with cleft palate were involved in this study, and treated with 3 different operative methods, respectively: zigzag palatoplasty for the repair of nasal mucosa myometrium...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Introduction: The free fibula flap (FFF) is a preferred option for adult mandibular reconstruction. Due to skeletal immaturity, its routine use in pediatric patients remains in question. Inconsistencies regarding the ability of the FFF to grow in concordance with the patients’ natural growth currently exist in the literature. The purpose of this report is to quantify mandibular growth in a young patient undergoing partial hemi-mandibular reconstruction with a FFF utilizing advanced three-dimensional...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Purpose: The aim of this study is to present reliable data by measuring the morphometric properties of the mandible in the fetal period. Methods: A study was performed on mandibles of 35 fetuses (18 male fetuses and 17 female fetuses), aged between 21 and 40 weeks of gestation. Fetuses were examined in 3 groups according to their developmental stages: 2nd trimester, 3rd trimester, and full-term. Morphometric measurements were performed for both the right and left sides of each mandible....
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Nasal dermoid sinus cyst is a rare congenital midline anomaly. The embryological origin is different from the dermoid cysts seen in other parts of the face. Nasal dermoid sinus cysts constitute 1% to 3% of all dermoid cysts and 11% to 12% of head and neck dermoid cysts. While most lesions are detected in the first 3 years, in some cases they may not be noticed until later years. Delay in diagnosis increases recurrent infections, airway obstruction and intracranial complications. The authors present...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Forehead augmentation with filler injection is one of the most dangerous procedures associated with iatrogenic intravascular injection resulting in the severe complications. Nonetheless, few studies have determined the explicit arterial localization and topography related to the facial soft tissues and landmarks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine an arterial distribution and topography on the middle forehead region correlated with facial landmarks to grant an appropriate guideline for enhancing...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Background: Traditional parotid surgery leaves visible submaxillary cicatrices, unaesthetic results from incisions, and a high incidence of postoperative complications. This study aimed to examine the feasibility of newly designed incisions for the removal of benign parotid lesions. Methods: The authors randomly assigned patients (n = 48) with benign parotid lesions admitted to our department from November 2016 to April 2019. In the study group, an aesthetic incision was designed through...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Beare-Stevenson syndrome (BSS) is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by a broad range of congenital malformations including craniosynostosis, cutis gyrata, facial deformities, and abnormal genitalia. The authors report a case of a 7 month old female who developed a mechanical ptosis secondary to dermatochalasis as a complication of fronto-orbital advancement and remodeling (FOAR) surgery which subsequently required multiple lid surgeries to reverse ptosis. This is the first report of...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
The goal of fracture treatment that includes the dentoalveolar process is to obtain the anatomic bone healing and the pre-injury occlusion restoration with functional and aesthetic recovery, avoiding dental or periodontal lesions. Fractures activates, in the damaged tissue, the Regional Acceleratory Phenomenon, a physiological healing process that can also be activated during orthodontic overloads. Orthodontic treatment in the traumatized area could exploit this phenomenon in order to sustain the...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Objective: The aim of the present, microcomputed tomographic (μCT) and histological study, was to evaluate the effect of surface modification by atmospheric pressure cold plasma (APCP) on vertical guided bone regeneration in a rabbit calvaria model. Material-Methods: The experimental study was conducted on 12 male New Zealand rabbits with healing periods of 45 and 90 days. Following surgical exposure of the calvarium, 4 customized titanium cylindricalders were fixed. Surface modification...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Inadequate temporal muscle (TM) reconstruction after surgery may hesitate in potentially severe functional and aesthetic sequelae, making it of paramount importance to carefully consider TM reconstruction even in case of small deformities. The authors describe the combined temporal muscle augmentation technique (CTMA), an innovative technique for TM augmentation for muscle reconstruction in case of small to medium substance loss. A cadaver study was conducted as preclinical validation of...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Presence of maxillary sinus septa, an anatomical variant, has never been documented as a possible complication of Le Fort I orthognathic surgery procedure. This case report describes the difficulty faced by an experienced surgeon during Le Fort I down-fracture procedure. The osteotomized maxilla remained firm despite confirmation that all osteotomy cuts have been performed adequately. The presence of a bilateral sagittally oriented maxillary sinus septa extending from the floor to the roof of the...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Frontal sinus fractures require a large amount of force and often occur in the context of a major trauma. Many patients with these fractures are assessed in an emergent setting where stabilization takes precedence. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of a sinus fracture can result in life-threatening conditions, such as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. A number of different treatment algorithms have been proposed, highlighting the complexity of frontal sinus fracture management. The goal of this study...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Congenital syngnathia is a very rare condition that presents with several unique challenges. There is no consensus on the best operative approach to manage this condition. Readhesion of surgically separated tissues is a relatively common occurrence. The authors propose that the use of a vertical distraction technique helps maintain adequate separation to prevent relapse of the bony fusion. Long-term follow-up will be required to follow mandibular growth and implications of this treatment option....
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
The cleft lip and palate (CL/P) define a heterogeneous group of congenital deformities, which are morphologically highly diverse, with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Affected children may experience social problems due to negative effects on speech, hearing, facial appearance, as well as negative psychological effects on the parents. In 2011, after the civil war began in Syria, a great wave of immigration began to Turkey and other neighboring countries. Refugees may not be able to receive...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Practical Surgical Points During Usage of One-Milliliter Syringe as Skin Hook During Cleft Surgeries
No abstract available
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
The popularity of electric- motorized bicycles (E-bikes) has increased dramatically over the past few years. As a result, E-bike--associated injuries are quickly becoming a substantial issue. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the epidemiology and general nature of these injuries, with special attention to craniofacial trauma. This was a retrospective study of 84 E-bike riders who suffered from trauma and treated at our level 1 trauma center between the years 2014 and 2018. The information...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
A 72-year-old female patient was complaining from gradual loss of hearing in the left ear, left facial palsy with gait imbalance. Neuroimaging showed left cerebellopontine angle extra-axial mass and was diagnosed as acoustic neuroma. She was operated with left retromastoid suboccipital and gross total excision of the tumor was achieved. Early postoperative period was uneventful and brain computed tomographic (CT) scan in the postoperative day 1 showed gross total resection of the tumor without complications,...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Toxic epidermal necrolyses represent a severe epidermolytic reaction characterized by cutaneous erythema and target lesions affecting >30% of the body surface, skin, and mucous membranes. Ulcerative lesions on the labial mucosa may evolve during healing, resulting in rare complications, such as lip adhesions. This report shows the successful treatment of a lip synechia resulting from the healing of mucosal lesions in a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis caused by the use of Lamotrigine and...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Chondroma in the area of the spheno-ethmoidal junction is very rare. A 29-year-old male patient with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps was arranged for a preoperative computed tomography scan, and a lesion was accidentally found in his spheno-ethmoidal junction and involved the skull base. Combined with MRI, the lesion was misdiagnosed as fungal sinusitis. However, no fungal lesions were found during the operation, and cartilage tissue was confirmed only after some bone was ground away under...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Background: Large nose defect reconstructions involving the tip and alar subunits are still difficult to achieve in one stage. This study aimed to investigate the size of the nasal tip and alae, observe the distribution patterns of the lateral nasal artery and present our clinical experience with the lateral nasal artery pedicle nasolabial (LNAPN) flap. Methods: From June 2019 to January 2020, lower nose parameters from 60 subjects were measured by a 3-dimensional scan, and the cranial...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of hilotherapy on postoperative pain, swelling, neurosensory impairment and patient satisfaction. The authors analyzed RCTs comparing the use of hilotherapy versus conventional cryotherapy or no cold treatment for orthognathic surgery and repair of facial trauma. The authors assessed the risk of bias and strength of evidence according to the Cochrane guidelines...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Objectives: Microvascular reconstruction of composite scalp and skull defects requires careful planning of both cranial bone and soft-tissue coverage. The current body of literature has yet to identify a “best practice” approach to achieve these goals. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed. Patients with composite defects who underwent combined microvascular surgery of the scalp and skull were included over a 6-year period. Reconstructions were classified by: microvascular...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Background: The cost-effectiveness, utility outcomes, and most optimal timing of mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in craniofacial microsomia (CFM) continue to be a topic of debate, especially in the population of patients with mild or nonsignificant functional issues. The objective of this study was to quantitatively assess the burden of mandibular asymmetry in CFM, and to accurately evaluate the impact of early MDO on patients’ perceived quality of life and social acceptance, in addition...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Nasal cracking is the habit of applying pressure to one's nose until hearing a popping noise or feeling a release of pressure. Clinicians are mostly unaware of it as it is a lesser known habit that has been popularized on social media. Most often it is harmless, however sometimes it can lead to adverse consequences such as pain, bruising, bleeding, and/or breathing problems. In this case study, a patient is evaluated and treated for nasal cracking that led to a septal hematoma. Address correspondence...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
In patients with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS), understanding the mechanism of airway obstruction and the potential for concurrent airway lesions is important for determining appropriate intervention. When concomitant airway anomalies are present with PRS, mandibular distraction osteogenesis alone is often contraindicated and unsuccessful at alleviating the obstruction, mandating the need for tracheostomy. Herein, the authors present the second-reported case of PRS with concomitant complete tracheal...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is the second most common congenital disability of the face, with a prevalence of 1 in 3000 to 5600 live births. Although etiology is still not fully understood, including both genetics and environmental factors, the latest reports indicate the prominence of premature loss of the neural crest cells. What is more, a deficit of muscles of mastication, except the masseter, correlates in the pathomechanism of mandibular underdevelopment. Due to the significant phenotypic diversification,...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
No abstract available
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Background: Fibrin sealant has been used for skin grafting in anatomically difficult facial areas. Although biodegradable, an excess of fibrin sealant may inhibit skin graft healing by inhibiting diffusion at the graft-recipient bed interface. The impact of fibrin sealant volume on graft healing was examined in a rat full-thickness skin graft model. Methods: Seventy-two full-thickness 2.5 × 2.5-cm2 skin grafts were used on the dorsum of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The grafts were treated...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
Introduction: Learning facial fracture management principles can be challenging for surgical trainees. Residents must assimilate nuances of fixation techniques, skeletal biomechanics, and hardware use while managing acute work-flow limitations. This study aims to design a standardized-schematic for teaching facial fracture management and evaluate its performance improving resident operative planning. Methods: Printable schematics of the facial skeleton with soft-tissue overlay were...
Fri Jun 26, 2020 03:00
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